Abnormal intraocular pressure is a hallmark of which eye disease?

• A. Cataract
• B. Glaucoma
• C. Conjunctivitis
• D. Macular degeneration

Answer: (B)

Abnormal intraocular pressure signals glaucoma. The eye’s pressure is determined by the balance between aqueous humor production and drainage. When drainage is impaired, pressure rises and slowly damages the optic nerve, leading to the gradual vision loss associated with glaucoma. The other conditions involve different parts of the eye: cataracts cloud the lens, conjunctivitis is inflammation or infection of the surface, and macular degeneration affects the retina’s central area. Glaucoma is defined by elevated intraocular pressure and its impact on the optic nerve, which is why this finding is a hallmark of the disease. Regular screening with tonometry helps detect it early so treatment can lower the pressure and protect vision.