Alcoholism, hepatitis, and cirrhosis are conditions affecting the

• A. Heart
• B. Liver
• C. Lungs
• D. Kidneys

Answer: (B)

The liver handles detoxification, metabolism, and many essential functions, so it’s the organ these conditions target. Alcoholism damages the liver because it is where alcohol is processed into toxic byproducts; this can lead to fatty changes, alcoholic hepatitis, and eventually cirrhosis, where scar tissue replaces healthy tissue and normal function declines. Hepatitis involves inflammation of liver cells, often from viral infection, which disrupts metabolism, toxin processing, and bile production and can progress to scarring and liver failure if chronic. Cirrhosis represents the end stage of long‑term liver damage, with fibrosis and nodular healing that severely reduces the liver’s ability to detoxify the blood, make proteins, and regulate metabolism. While heart, lungs, or kidneys can be affected indirectly by liver disease’s systemic effects, these conditions primarily impair the liver, making it the organ that is affected.